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Description
This literature review examines the complex interrelation between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and their combined influence on students' performance outcomes. Initiating from a wide range of educational psychology research, the review explores how these two types of motivation interact to shape students' attitudes, engagement, and overall academic performance. Intrinsic motivation, driven by personal interest and the inherent enjoyment of learning, is often seen as the most sustainable form of motivation. In contrast, extrinsic motivation, which relies on external rewards such as grades or recognition, can provide immediate but sometimes short-lived engagement. This review analyzes key studies that investigate how these motivational forces coexist and affect each other, highlighting cases where extrinsic rewards either complement or undermine intrinsic motivation. The findings suggest that while intrinsic motivation is essential for deep and long-term learning, extrinsic motivation can play a crucial role in initiating student engagement, especially in less intrinsically stimulating tasks. The review also identifies best practices for educators to balance these motivational strategies to enhance overall academic success. By understanding the nuanced relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, educators can better design instructional approaches that foster both immediate engagement and sustained academic interest.
